Agriturismo La Costa Via Curone, 15 23888 La Valletta Brianza (Lc) Italia Tel: +39 039 53 122 18 History and tourist information on the Bridge of the Ponte delle Torri in Spoleto. ![]() Modena - Wikipedia. Modena. Comune. Comune di Modena. Clockwise from top: Modena Cathedral and Ghirlandina Tower, Modena City Hall, Ducal Palace and San Domenico Church seen from Piazza Dante, Portico del Collegio. Location of Modena in Italy. Coordinates: 4. 4. One of Ferrari's cars, the 3. Modena, was named after the town itself. The University of Modena, founded in 1. Francesco II d'Este in 1. Italy. Italian military officers are trained at the Military Academy of Modena, and partly housed in the Baroque Ducal Palace. The Biblioteca Estense houses historical volumes and 3,0. ![]() The Cathedral of Modena, the Torre della Ghirlandina and Piazza Grande are a UNESCOWorld Heritage Site since 1. Modena is also known in culinary circles for its production of balsamic vinegar. Famous Modenesi include Mary of Modena, the Queen consort of England and Scotland; operatic tenor Luciano Pavarotti and soprano Mirella Freni, born in Modena itself; Enzo Ferrari, eponymous founder of the Ferrari motor company; Catholic priest Gabriele Amorth; chef Massimo Bottura; comics artist Franco Bonvicini and singer- songwriter Francesco Guccini, who lived here for several decades. Geography. Their presence is symbolized by the Two Rivers Fountain in the city's center, by Giuseppe Graziosi. The city is connected to the Panaro by the Naviglio channel. The Apennines begin some 1. The commune is divided into four circoscrizioni. These are: Centro storico (Historical Center, San Cataldo)Crocetta (San Lazzaro- East Modena, Crocetta)Buon Pastore (Buon Pastore, Sant'Agnese, San Damaso)San Faustino (S. Faustino- Saliceta San Giuliano, Madonnina- Quattro Ville)Climate. Summers are warm and winters are chilly and wetter, with the possibility of snowfall. This climate is described by the K. From the 1. 99. 0s, the city has been governed by center- left coalitions. At the April 2. 00. Modena gave about 5. Democratic Party. The legislative body of the municipality (comune) is the City Council (Consiglio Comunale) which is composed by 3. Modena's executive body is the City Committee (Giunta Comunale) composed by 9 assessors, the deputy- mayor and the mayor. The current mayor of Modena is Giancarlo Muzzarelli, member of the Democratic Party of Italy. History. Although the exact date of its foundation is unknown, it is known that it was already in existence in the 3rd century BC, for in 2. BC, during Hannibal's invasion of Italy, the Boii revolted and laid siege to the city. Livy described it as a fortified citadel where Roman magistrates took shelter. The outcome of the siege is not known, but the city was most likely abandoned after Hannibal's arrival. Mutina was refounded as a Roman colony in 1. BC, to be used as a military base by Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, causing the Ligurians to sack it in 1. BC. Nonetheless, it was rebuilt, and quickly became the most important centre in Cisalpine Gaul, both because of its strategic importance and because it was on an important crossroads between Via Aemilia and the road going to Verona. ![]() ![]() ![]() In the 1st century BC Mutina was besieged twice. The first siege was by Pompey in 7. BC, when Mutina was defended by Marcus Junius Brutus (a populist leader, not to be confused with his son, Caesar's best known assassin). ![]() Italy: 10 outdoor places to try in summer From the Sky Bar of the Hotel La Palma in Stresa, you can admire the entire Lake Maggiore from its western shore.
![]() The city eventually surrendered out of hunger, and Brutus fled, only to be slain in Regium Lepidi. In the civil war following Caesar's assassination, the city was besieged again, this time by Mark Antony, in 4. BC, and defended by Decimus Junius Brutus. Octavianrelieved the city with the help of the Senate. Cicero called it Mutina splendidissima (. Until the 3rd century AD, it kept its position as the most important city in the newly formed Aemilia province, but the fall of the Empire brought Mutina down with it, as it was used as a military base both against the barbarians and in the civil wars. It is said that Mutina was never sacked by Attila, for a dense fog hid it (a miracle said to be provided by Saint Geminianus, bishop and patron of Modena), but it was eventually buried by a great flood in the 7th century and abandoned. As of December 2. Italian researchers have discovered the pottery center where the oil lamps that lit the ancient Roman empire were made. Evidence of the pottery workshops emerged in Modena, in central- northern Italy, during construction work to build a residential complex near the ancient walls of the city. There were vases, bottles, bricks, but most of all, hundreds of oil lamps, each bearing their maker's name. About the end of the 9th century, Modena was restored and refortified by its bishop, Ludovicus. At about this time the Song of the Watchmen of Modena was composed. Later the city was part of the possessions of the Countess Matilda of Tuscany, becoming a free comune starting from the 1. In the wars between Emperor Frederick II and Pope Gregory IX Modena sided with the emperor. The Este family were identified as lords of Modena from 1. Obizzo d'Este). After the death of Obizzo's successor (Azzo VIII, in 1. Este family was permanently in power. Under Borso d'Este Modena was made a duchy. Modern age. Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena (1. Francesco II. In the 1. Rinaldo d'Este was twice driven from his city by French invasions, and Francesco III built many of Modena's public buildings, but the Este pictures were sold and many of them wound up in Dresden. Ercole III died in exile at Treviso, having refused Napoleonic offers of compensation when Modena was made part of the Napoleonic Cispadane Republic. His only daughter, Maria Beatrice d'Este, married Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria- Este, son of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria; and in 1. Francis IV, received back the estates of the Este. Quickly, in 1. 81. Modena's years under Austrian rule which, despite being just, constitutional and fair, nevertheless had to face another foreign- inspired rebellion in 1. His son Francis V was also a just ruler and famously tended the victims of war and cholera with his own hands. However, he too had to face yet more foreign- inspired revolutions and was temporarily expelled from Modena in the European Revolutions of 1. He was restored, amidst wide popular acclaim, by Austrian troops. Ten years later, on 2. August 1. 85. 9, the revolutionaries again invaded (this time the Piedmontese), annexing Modena into the revolutionary Savoyard nation of Italy as a territorial part of the Kingdom of Italy. The palace occupies the site of the former Este Castle, once located in the periphery of the city. Although generally credited to Bartolomeo Avanzini, it has been suggested that advice and guidance in the design process had been sought from the contemporary luminaries, Cortona, Bernini, and Borromini. The Palace currently houses the Accademia Militare di Modena, the Military Museum and a precious Library. The Palace has a Baroque fa. The Central Hall has a frescoed ceiling with the 1. Incoronation of Bradamante by Marco Antonio Franceschini. The Salottino d'Oro (. In the interior, noteworthy is the Sala del Fuoco (. The Camerino dei Confirmati (. This relic inspired the poem of the same title by Alessandro Tassoni. Another relic from the Middle Ages in Modena is the Preda Ringadora, a rectangular marble stone next to the palace porch, used as a speakers' platform, and the statue called La Bonissima (. Begun under the direction of the Countess Matilda of Tuscany with its first stone laid June 6, 1. Saint Geminianus, and consecrated only six years later, the Duomo of Modena was finished in 1. The building of a great cathedral in this flood- prone ravaged former center of Arianism was an act of urban renewal in itself, and an expression of the flood of piety that motivated the contemporary First Crusade. Unusually, the master builder's name, Lanfranco, was celebrated in his own day: the city's chronicler expressed the popular confidence in the master- mason from Como, Lanfranco: by God's mercy the man was found (inventus est vir). The sculptor Wiligelmus who directed the mason's yard was praised in the plaque that commemorated the founding. The program of the sculpture is not lost in a welter of detail: the wild dangerous universe of the exterior is mediated by the Biblical figures of the portals leading to the Christian world of the interior. In Wiligelmus' sculpture at Modena, the human body takes on a renewed physicality it had lost in the schematic symbolic figures of previous centuries. At the east end, three apses reflect the division of the body of the cathedral into nave and wide aisles with their bold, solid masses. Modena's Duomo inspired campaigns of cathedral and abbey building in emulation through the valley of the Po. The Gothiccampanile (1. Torre della Ghirlandina from the bronze garland surrounding the weathercock. Other churches. The original design was by Paolo Reggiano, but completed by Bernardo Castagnini, probably helped by the young Guarino Guarini. The interior contains frescoes by Sigismondo Caula portraying episodes of the Lives of Saints Vincent and Cajetan. The dome was destroyed during World War II. This church houses the funerary monuments of the Dukes of Este. Santa Maria della Pomposa: also known as Aedes Muratoriana, is probably the oldest religious church in town, cocumented as early as 1. Little remains of the original medieval temple. Construction of the present church is mainly due to Ludovico Antonio Muratori, the parish priest (1. San Giovanni Decollato: church of St. John Baptist Beheaded built in the 1. St Michael, and modified in 1. Sant'Agostino: 1. St Augustine, largely renovated in 1. Alfonso IV d'Este. The sober original structure was embellished with 1. The most notable artwork is the Deposition (1. Modenese Antonio Begarelli, once in the church of San Giovanni Battista. Traces of a 1. 4th- century fresco by Tommaso da Modena can still be seen. San Francesco: construction of the church of St Francis begun in 1. Franciscans, and not finished for two centuries. The Gothic- style church houses one of Begarelli's masterworks, a Deposition of Christ made up of thirteen statues.
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